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Critically ill patients are characterized by a hypermetabolic state, a catabolic response, higher nutritional needs, and a decreased capacity for utilization of parenteral substrate.
Results of leptin administration in mice, rats, and humans provide a rationale for therapeutic augmentation of circulating leptin (OB protein) concentrations in obese humans; this may reduce food i...
Genomics and bioinformatics have the vast potential to identify genes that cause disease by investigating whole-genome databases. Comparison of an individual’s genotype with a genomic database will...
High-carbohydrate diets improve plasma cholesterol concentrations but increase triacylglycerol concentrations; the latter effect increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Triacylglycerol ...
Energy restriction is known to induce a decline in fat oxidation during the postdiet period. Reduced fat oxidation may contribute to weight regain.
Alterations in glucose metabolism during early fasting may be an important trigger of the hormonal and metabolic responses to fasting.
Nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDOs) have been found to stimulate absorption of several minerals and to improve mineralization of bone. Hence, these substances are potential ingredients for “funct...
Several nondigestible but fermentable dietary carbohydrates are able to regulate lipemia and triglyceridemia in both humans and animals. The mechanism of their serum lipid–lowering effect remains t...
Dietary fat and energy have been implicated as factors controlling circulating total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. Whether these factors work independently or synergistically in regulating hu...
Obesity in hypertensive patients is associated with dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, both of which are improved by weight control. n23 Fatty acids have diverse effects on mechanisms underlying ...
Ethanol and lipid metabolism     Ethanol  lipid       2016/6/1
In this issue of the Journal, Siler et al (1) report that low-dose ethanol consumption in healthy volunteers modestly activates hepatic de novo lipogenesis and that the major quantitative fate of e...
Down syndrome, or trisomy 21, is a complex genetic disease resulting from the presence of 3 copies of chromosome 21. The origin of the extra chromosome is maternal in 95% of cases and is due to the...
One of the major advances in preventing malformations in the past few decades had its origin in the observation by Smithells et al (1) that multivitamin preparations are protective against neural t...
Recent reports have identified a lower resting metabolic rate in African Americans than in whites, but most studies included only females and used short-term measurements with ventilated-hood syste...

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