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Despite early evidence suggesting that dietary cysteine has a sparing effect on methionine requirements, some recent reports question the existence of a measurable sparing capacity.
Determining the sulfur amino acid (SAA) requirements of humans has remained elusive because of the complex nature of SAA metabolism. Current recommendations are based on nitrogen balance studies.
Alterations in body composition have been reported in HIV-positive adults receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), but the magnitude and potential determinants of these changes are u...
The waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) has emerged as an important risk factor for several chronic diseases, but little quantitative information exists about its relation with energy intake and expenditure i...
Results of leptin administration in mice, rats, and humans provide a rationale for therapeutic augmentation of circulating leptin (OB protein) concentrations in obese humans; this may reduce food i...
Postprandial studies with standardized mixed meals have shown that ingestion of high-carbohydrate diets is associated with elevated plasma triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations.
Zinc homeostasis and normal plasma zinc concentrations are maintained over a wide range of intakes.
Body composition changes with age, with increases in fat mass and visceral fat and declines in skeletal muscle mass; lung function also declines with age. Age-related changes in body composition an...
The effect of alcohol drinking on LDL-cholesterol concentrations is unclear. The reported variability may be due to interactions between genetic factors and alcohol intake.
In animals, the whole-body content and accumulation of linoleate can be measured and compared with its intake to determine linoleate -oxidation. This method can also provide quantitative informatio...
Energy restriction is known to induce a decline in fat oxidation during the postdiet period. Reduced fat oxidation may contribute to weight regain.
The currently accepted total aromatic amino acid requirement for adults is based on nitrogen balance measurements in individuals who received their intake of aromatic amino acids solely as phenylal...
Adjustments of carbohydrate intake and oxidation occur in both normal-weight and overweight individuals. Nevertheless, the contribution of carbohydrates to the accumulation of fat through either re...
Epidemiologic studies have identified the plasma homocysteine concentration as a risk factor for atherothrombotic vascular disease. There is little information on the distributions and determinants...

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